Xin chào các bạn, hôm nay mình sẽ giới thiệu với các bạn những IDE mạnh mẽ và thân thiện, giúp cho việc học tập và làm việc với Python cơ bản được nhanh gọn lẹ hơn.
Bản thân mình cũng đang học Python nên là có gì hay và mới mình sẽ viết lên blog này để chia sẻ với mọi người. Nhưng mà điều đầu tiên các bạn cần phải hiểu.
===> Bài tập cơ bản tới nâng cao của Python xem tại đây
Tóm tắt nội dung
IDE là gì?
Môi trường phát triển tích hợp (Integrated Development Environments – IDE. viết tắt) là một ứng dụng phần mềm hỗ trợ lập trình viên phát triển mã phần mềm một cách hiệu quả. Ứng dụng này giúp tăng năng suất của nhà phát triển bằng cách kết hợp các tính năng như chỉnh sửa, xây dựng, kiểm thử và đóng gói phần mềm vào trong một ứng dụng dễ sử dụng.
===> 50 bài tập cơ bản dành cho người mới học lập trình Python
Cũng giống như nhà văn sử dụng phần mềm soạn thảo và kế toán sử dụng bảng tính, nhà phát triển phần mềm dùng IDE để khiến công việc trở nên dễ dàng hơn. Nói cách khác thì IDE là một công cụ giúp mình viết code được dễ dàng và đúng hơn.
IDE của Python dành cho người mới học (Python for Beginners)
IDE thông minh tự động hoàn thiện mã và trình gỡ lỗi
Những IDE này rất mạnh, dựa trên khả năng tự học và trình gỡ lỗi được tích hợp bên trong các nền tảng IDE này. Các bạn có thể chọn 1 trong các IDE sau đây để làm việc:
| Tên tuổi | Hệ điều hành | Cập nhật | Ghi chú |
| Thonny | Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, more | 2023 | For teaching/learning programming. Focused on program runtime visualization. Provides stepping both in statements and expressions, no-hassle variables view, separate mode for explaining references etc. |
| Komodo | Windows/Linux/Mac OS X | 2023 | Multi-language IDE with support for Python 2.x and Python 3. Available as https://www.activestate.com/products/komodo-ide/ now open source only; last updated 2022 |
| CodeLobster IDE | Windows/Linux/Mac OS X | 2023 | Multi-language IDE with free support for Python: code completion, navigation and highlighting etc. |
| LiClipse | Linux/Mac OS X/Windows | 2023 | Commercial Eclipse-based IDE which provides a standalone bundling PyDev, Workspace Mechanic, Eclipse Color Theme, StartExplorer and AnyEdit, along with lightweight support for other languages, and other usability enhancements (such as multi-caret-edition). |
| NetBeans | Linux, Mac, Solaris, Windows | 2023 | Python/Jython support in NetBeans — Open source, allows Python and Jython Editing, code-completion, debugger, refactoring, templates, syntax analysis, etc. Note: the Python plugin as a community-supported project, and may trail behind. Currently it works for 8.1, does not appear to be available for 8.2 |
| PyCharm | Linux/Mac OS X/Windows | 2023 | The Community edition is a free IDE with a smart Python editor providing quick code navigation, code completion, refactoring, unit testing and debugger. The commercial Professional edition fully supports Web development with Django, Flask, Mako and Web2Py and allows to develop remotely. JetBrains offers free PyCharm Professional licenses for open-source projects under certain conditions https://www.jetbrains.com/buy/opensource/. There is also free access for Student/Educational use. |
| Python for VS Code | Linux/Mac OS X/Windows | 2023 | Free open-source extension for Visual Studio Code (now maintained by Microsoft). Supports syntax highlighting, debugging, code completion, code navigation, unit testing, refactoring, with support for Django, multi threaded, local and remote debugging. |
| KDevelop | Linux/Mac OS X/(Windows) | 2023 | Free open-source IDE with a focus on static analysis-based code completion, navigation and highlighting. Also features a VI emulation mode. |
| PyDev | Eclipse | 2023 | Free, open-source plugin for Eclipse — Allows Python, Jython, and IronPython editing, code-completion, debugger, refactoring, quick navigation, templates, code analysis, unittest integration, Django integration, etc. |
| Wing | Windows, Linux, Mac OS X | 2023 | Family of Python IDEs with advanced debugger, editor with vi, emacs, visual studio and other key bindings, auto-completion, auto-editing, import management, multi-selection, inline code warnings, snippets, goto-definition, find uses, refactoring, unit testing with code coverage, remote development, support for containers and clusters, array and dataframe viewer, bookmarking, project management with version control, Python environment creation with virtualenv, pipenv, conda, and Docker, Python package management with pip, pipenv, and conda, source browser, PEP 8 / Black / YAPF reformatting, and much more. Product levels, include free and paid versions with a fully functional trial and free licenses for educational use and unpaid open source developers. Documentation includes help for using Wing with Django, Flask, Docker, AWS, Vagrant, Matplotlib, Jupyter, Blender, Maya, any many other third party tools and packages. See product comparison and pricing for details. |
| PyScripter | Windows | 2023 | MIT licensed IDE written in Delphi with debugger, integrated unit testing, source browser, code navigation and syntax coloring/auto-completing editor. |
| Spyder | Windows/Linux/macOS | 2023 | A powerful, free/open-source scientific environment written in Python, for Python,and designed by and for scientists, engineers and data analysts. Features a unique combination of the advanced editing, analysis, debugging and profiling functionality of a comprehensive development tool with the data exploration, interactive execution, deep inspection and beautiful visualization capabilities of a scientific package. Furthermore, offers built-in integration with many popular scientific packages, including NumPy, SciPy, Pandas, IPython, QtConsole, Matplotlib, SymPy, and more, and can be easily extended with plugins. It is conveniently integrated in the cross-platform Anaconda distribution, and is the centerpiece of the Python(x,y) and WinPython distributions. |
| IDLE | Windows/Linux/Mac OS X/All Tk Platforms | 2023 | Multi-window colorized source browser, autoindent, autocompletion, tool tips, code context panel, search in files, class and path browsers, debugger, executes code in clean separate subprocess with one keystroke. 100% pure Python, part of Python 2.x and 3.x distributions (may be packaged separately in some situations). |
| IdleX | Windows/Linux/Mac OS X/All Tk Platforms | 2023 | IdleX is a collection of over twenty extensions and plugins that provide additional functionality to IDLE, a Python IDE provided in the standard library. It transforms IDLE into a more useful tool for academic research and development as well as exploratory programming. Last updated 2022. |
| µ.dev | Windows Vista and XP | 2023 | An open-source IDE, created using Lazarus. It’s only for Python. include syntax highlighting, project manager, and uses pdb for debugging. Development stopped in 2011. |
| Pyzo (formerly IEP) | Windows/Linux/Mac OS X | 2023 | Open-source Python IDE focused on interactivity and introspection, which makes it very suitable for scientific computing. Its practical design is aimed at simplicity and efficiency. Pyzo consists of two main components, the editor and the shell, and uses a set of pluggable tools to help the programmer in various ways: e.g. source structure, interactive help, workspace, file browser (with functionality for searching). Also includes a post-mortem debugger. |
| PythonToolkit (PTK) | Windows/Linux/Mac OS X | 2023 | An interactive environment for python built around a matlab style console window and editor. It was designed to provide a python based environment similiar to Matlab for scientists and engineers however it can also be used as a general purpose interactive python environment especially for interactive GUI programming. Features include: Multiple independent python interpreters. Interactively program with different GUI toolkits (wxPython, TkInter, pyGTK, pyQT4 and PySide). Matlab style namespace/workspace browser. Object auto-completions, calltips and multi-line command editing in the console. Object inspection and python path management. Simple code editor and integrated debugger. Last released in 2014. |
| Python Tools for Visual Studio | Windows | 2023 | Open-source plugin for Visual Studio 2010, 2012 onwards (now maintained by Microsoft). Supports syntax highlighting, debugging and rich intellisense, unit testing, refactoring, object browser, MPI cluster debugging, Django intellisense and debugging, development REPL window and a debugging REPL window. Supports mixed-mode Python/C/C++ debugging. |
| Exedore | Mac OS X | 2015 | Commercial with feature-limited free trial. A Mac-native, single-window IDE inspired by Xcode. Features integrated debugger, tabs, code completion with tab triggers, syntax highlighting themes, search and replace with regex, integrated REPL sessions, goto definition, file browser, integrated documentation browser. As of June 2015, does not support input() meaning any console input using this function is not supported. |
IDE thông minh hỗ trợ tự động hoàn thiện mã hoặc trình gỡ lỗi
| Tên tuổi | Hệ điều hành | Cập nhật | Ghi chú |
| Komodo | Windows/Mac/Linux | 2012 | Komodo Edit (open source, as part of the Open Komodo project). Little brother to Komodo IDE. |
| BlackAdder | Windows/Linux | 2004 | Commercial; integrated debugger; interfaces with Qt Designer |
| eric | Python + PyQt + QScintilla | 2018 | Open Source, interfaces with Qt Designer, Qt Linguist, unittest; integrated debugger |
| SPE | Windows, Linux, MacOsX, FreeBSD, more | 2008 | Open-source with wxPython interface. Code completion, call tips, class explorer, source index, auto todo list, Blender support, integrated PyChecker (source code doctor) and Kiki (regex console). Download instructions |
| Pida | Linux, FreeBSD, …, (Windows in progress) | 2007 (2008 dev) | Open-source with GTK interface, written in Python. Supports different languages, python trough rope and pyflakes as well as rpdb2. Support different Editors (Vim, Medit, Emacs) Current Repos |
| SharpDevelop | .net CLR | 26/7/2009 | FOSS IDE uses IronPython to support making python module solutions. |
| NINJA-IDE | Python + PyQt + (Linux/Windows/Mac OS X) | 2011 | NINJA-IDE (from: “Ninja Is Not Just Another IDE”), is a cross-platform integrated development environment specially design to build Python Applications. |
| Aptana Studio 3 | Linux, Windows and Mac OS X | 10/01/2012 | Aptana Studio3 is a professional, open source development tool for the open web |
| Pcode | Windows, Linux and Mac OSX | 2014 | Python 3x IDE with emphasis on power, usability and simplicity. |
IDE tích hợp GUI builder
| Họ tên | Hệ điều hành | Cập nhật | Ghi chú |
| MonkeyStudio | Windows/Linux/Mac | 2012 | OpenSource (GPL) powerful cross platform (Win,Mac,Linux) RAD GUI IDE, includes a integrated QtDesigner supports Python+PyQt4 |
| BoaConstructor | Python + wxPython | 2007 | RAD GUI building IDE for wxPython, similar to Delphi. |
| PythonCard | Python + wxPython | 2006 | RAD GUI building IDE |
| Xcode | Mac OS X 10.5 and later | 2008 | Apple’s free of charge IDE now with full Python GUI making. Requires free developer registration for download. |
| Visual Python | Python + Tkinter | 2017 | Visual graphic interface. Python GUI |
| Python Tools for Visual Studio | Windows | 2017 | Integrated WPF GUI Designer for IronPython (Free/OSS) |
| Anvil | Online | 2021 | IDE for building full-stack, Python-only web apps, with a drag-and-drop UI designer and autocomplete (Freemium/OSS) |
Tổng kết
Như vậy là chúng mình đã giới thiệu đến bạn rất nhiều nhưng IDE hay và mạnh dành cho việc học và làm việc với ngôn ngữ lập trình Python. Có IDE xịn thì công việc nó cũng được nhanh hơn.
Theo ý kiến cá nhân của mình thì chọn những IDE đẹp, thân thiện, nhiều tính năng và nhất là luôn được cập nhật như: VS Code, PyCharm, Xcode hay Visual Studio,… Có cái có phí, có cái free tuỳ tâm thí chủ mua hay không mua cũng rất làm được việc.
Chúc mọi người thành công!
